Corruption manifests itself in a variety of ways and infiltrates all political and economic organizations. They prefer blanket references, with the consideration that the causes of insecurity are interwoven and contributory to one another. As stated in the Nigerian constitution of 1999, basic and secondary education would be free. Thanks so much, I love the way you broke things down and not just that. Lack of skilled personnels: Brain drain has become a common phenomenon today, as our highly skilled professionals are now relocating to countries where there are quality infrastructures to work, great standard of living, and a good pay to match. He mentioned the following as solutions to the issue of insecurity: Leadership development- It is viewed that Nigeria will have to develop visionary leadership, a leadership that is detribalized such that it has at leadership positions only people who are able to inculcate in their people or followers, the idea of common citizenship as the transcendent factor among all Nigerians, no matter the tribe, gender, religion, economic and social status. 500,000 job hopefuls were in a rush to apply for roughly 5,000 openings in Nigerias immigration agency in 2014, and 16 people were murdered in a melee. They apply for jobs, but owing to a lack of credentials, they are not hired. Unpredictability is one of main disadvantages of Emergency maintenance as one does not when failure is going to occur. Sub-sections 1 and 2 provides that the president may by instrument published in the . The gross domestic product (GDP) is one of the most important indices of a countrys economic health. Civilians in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad and Niger continue to be affected by grave violations of human rights, widespread sexual and gender-based violence, forced recruitment and suicide bombings. These factors have been classified or grouped into external and internal factors. Unemployment/Poverty -As a result of the high level of unemployment and poverty among Nigerians, especially the youths, they are adversely attracted to violent crime. The problem of Internal Land Conflicts: Land ownership disputes have frequently caused conflicts among Nigerians. effective emergency response. New Jersey, and Connecticut and the 2005 hurricanes that ripped through the Southern states, exposed the vulnerabilities within our cities and in many private industries, including those covering the industrial, transportation and healthcare markets. As name suggests, it is a serious and unexpected situation that is required to be immediately solved. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Methods: descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed to assess availability of each of the aforementioned subgroups of resuscitation devices and drugs, in each primary and secondary healthcare facility in all eighteen (18) Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Cross River State, in Southern Nigeria. National security cannot be invoked as a reason for imposing limitations to prevent merely local or relatively isolated threats to law and order. ppt/slides/_rels/slide10.xml.rels Lastly, a state of emergency can be abused unless both the legislature and judiciary can assert their independence in practice, and rule of law is made the cardinal principle of governance. One of the biggest causes of crime among Nigerian young is negativity; they turn to unlawful activities since they have nothing better to do with their time or money. Roads are in disrepair due to corruption and misappropriation of public monies Only 67 percent of paved roads and 33 percent of unpaved roads were in good or fair condition in 2011, according to the World Bank. This is an internationally recognised set of rules which set out limits to restrictions on rights during emergencies. Thus, instead of being national watchdogs and defending national interest and values, and protecting people from harm by criminals, they soon become saboteurs of government effort by supporting and fuelling insecurity through either leaking vital security information or aiding and abetting criminals to acquire weapons or to escape the long arm of the law. A State of Emergency, according to state law, can be declared during a situation or imminent threat of widespread or severe damage, injury or loss of life or property, resulting from a natural or man-made cause. Every kid has the right to an education in a safe and healthy setting. 13/05/2020. Minimizing downtime by addressing critical issues quickly, Improving the functionality, performance, and reliability of the system, Reducing the risk of system failures and customer dissatisfaction, Flexibility in addressing problems based on the severity and urgency. One such program is the Kentucky Fair Plan. SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR BUSINESS ACTIVITIES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. Terrorism At the most proximate and least disputable level, terrorism is the most fundamental source of insecurity in Nigeria today, and its primary bases and sources of support have generally been located in religious fanaticism and intolerance. Ethno-Religious Conflicts These have arisen from distrust among various ethnic groups and among the major religions in the country. The tone here is so negative! All these variables of crimes and social maladies have made the Nigerian security environment to be complex. Our story is not as bleak as presented here. Apart from the outright closure of a business enterprise, an existing business can also be affected in the four functional areas of business shown below such as production, marketing, finance, and human resource (H/R). K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide9.xml.rels The civil war can easily be traced back . In Nigeria, Boko Haram is known as a destroyer, and the northern section of the nation has been so badly damaged that even students are unable to complete their studies In Nigeria, Boko Haram is a well-known terrorist organization. Inflation is defined as a rise in the overall level of prices for goods and services, resulting in a decrease in the buying power of the currency. There should be an institutionalized approach rather than the episodic and reactive response adopted by the government in the aftermath of attacks. Despite these efforts, the level of insecurity in the country is still high. International monitors witnessed widespread vote box theft in 2007, and while the situation improved in 2011, ballot-rigging remained widespread. Government must not only continue to engage the security personnel, but it must also, more than ever before, recognize the need to devote more attention to security intelligence, capacity building to meet the global best practice standard, and acquisition of modern technology. 200,000 students graduate from colleges each year, yet many struggles to find work and others resort to less-than-honorable ways of subsistence. It poses a serious threat to many peoples lives, which is one of the reasons why many workers are requesting pay raises. Power abuse may be found in practically every branch of the federal government. Oil spills deplete soil microorganisms and nutrients, which impacts Delta fishing and farming communities as well as the broader economy. Reconsider travel to Nigeria due to crime, terrorism, civil unrest, kidnapping, and maritime crime. Those caught up in the conflict have experienced brutal violence, lost family, friends and homes, lived with acute and sustained levels of stress in poor conditions, seen their communities torn apart and had little or no access to life-saving services such as health and education. A situation that often results in the reactions of the public to the excesses of the military regimes which governed Nigeria and has continued after the end of military regimes and created a sensitivity by those in government at public intrusion in matters of state. However, Nigeria in recent times has witnessed an unprecedented level of insecurity such as Boko Haram activities, banditry, kidnapping, Fulani-Herders-Farmers clashes that resulted in Ondo State issuance of Quit notice to Fulanis in the State. The bomb explosions initiated by this group have been on the increase leading to enormous loss of life and property and a general atmosphere of fear and social tension in the country. The Conversation Africas Ogechi Ekeanyanwu asked political science lecturer Uchenna Simeon to explain the circumstances under which a state of emergency can be declared. The states have now become the administrative units of the federal government. This is a rooted general perception of inequality and unfairness which has resulted in a grievance by a large number of people. An earlier version of this article appeared in The Guardian newspaper of March 2, 2004 under the title "The State of Emergency Conjecture". Emergency Maintenance (EM) is an immediate action that is needed to be taken whenever any unexpected failure of asset occurs or assets get broken down. Problems in Nigeria and Solutions: Nigeria is Africas most populated country and the worlds sixth most populous country. EMERGENCY POWERS IN NIGERIA: LEGALAND CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES Mojeed Olujinmi A. Alabi ABSTRACT This article examines both the legal and constitutional validity of the various actions pertaining to the emergency rule in Plateau State, Nigeria. Struggle for power and Politics. This generated heated debate about the legitimacy of declaring a state of emergency. A paper presented by Director Panning Research and Forecasting, NEMA, to participants of the National War College Course 13, at the . Social media anxiety disorder is related to social anxiety, a mental illness which happens when social media affects the mental and physical health of a person, causing one to feel inadequate, jealous, incompetent and unsatisfied. Some areas have increased risk. In addition, Nigeria has consistently ranked low in the Global Peace Index (GPI, 2012), signifying a worsened state of insecurity in the country. This can be an important part of emergency management and the benefits of a state of emergency often include opening up resources that will benefit communities impacted by the emergency situation. Nigeria was rated fourth in the world with the most international war deaths in 2016, according to the Global Peace Index. Many of these assailants are disgruntled and jobless teenagers. This will contribute to the countrys unity and build greater trust among all tribes. Serial Number: Name Of States:Their Capitals: 1 Abia State - Umuahia. It is a normal political instrument that can be used under extraordinary circumstances that threaten the survival and national security of Nigeria. In order to ameliorate the incidence of crime, the federal government has embarked on the criminalization of terrorism bypassing the Anti-Terrorism Act in 2011, fundamental surveillance as well as investigation of criminal related offenses, heightening of physical security measures around the country aimed at deterring or disrupting potential attacks, strengthening of security agencies through the provision of security facilities and the development and broadcast of security tips in mass media. j. But the countrys federal system is deeply flawed with power and resources inordinately in control of the central government. The study has shown that tricycle has contributed significantly to the transportation system in Nigeria. 1. e. Land disputes, many of which have been dragging on for years, should be resolved as soon as possible to avoid further loss of life and property. The renowned Security expert said that for the Government to tackle insecurity, a key starting point should be to understand the causes of insecurity as well as to investigate their sources of social disorder and instability. Weak Security System This results from inadequate equipment for the security arm of government, both in weaponry and training. But in Nigeria, The federal government controls about 80 percent of the resources in the country, leaving the state and local government at its mercy. The countrys population is diverse, with over 250 ethnic groups represented. 2 Adamawa - State Yola. Ordinary citizens having small and medium scale businesses cannot open shops for business transactions. This perception stems from the perception of marginalization by a section of the people, government development policies, and political offices and this has become a primary source of disaffection and resentment. Generally, if there is no peace and security, it is extremely difficult for businesses to survive. 6. Like in many other societies, the sources of insecurity in Nigeria have been traced to a number of factors and explained by different people. 21. 2. The Speaker was Chris Aluta, GMD, ProtectionPlus Services Limited. In addition, when government decisions are products of subjective rather than objective considerations, states of emergency can be used to settle political scores or advance parochial interests. We must strive to get to a level where crimes will be nipped in the bud before they are perpetuated. k; 7 ! (Section 305 (1) of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended), Cap C23 . Also, the porosity of the Nigerian borders has made it possible for an unwarranted influx of migrants from neighboring countries such as the Republic of Niger, Chad, and the Republic of Benin. It is the cause of inequality and inequitable distribution of the nations wealth among its citizens, a situation that is the root cause of disaffection among Nigerians. The government can abuse the emergency powers. Why eNaira? Quantitative data was obtained using . Due to the economic recession, there has been a high rate of unemployment; no jobs are available for the youths; 24 percent of Nigerians are unemployed; now, lets move on to the youths; there is no rating I can give you for that because there are so many jobless youths on the street; however, based on some facts, I can estimate that 8% of youths under the age of 24 are unemployed. The underlying principle of good governance is the focus on people as the ultimate objective of governance. Non-indigenes especially Igbos and Yorubas have to return to their home states before they are killed by Boko Haram. This results in a rather abrupt stop which could shake up the cabin or give your passengers a bit of a fright. Gustafsson-Wright E, Van Der Gaag J (2008). 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! The spread of illness is aided by improperly dumped waste. The organization has kidnapped children and murdered Christians across the country. It is the bane of our society. Good governance good governance is the panacea for the insecurity challenge in Nigeria. Read the entire Travel Advisory. There are also circumstances when employees of a business enterprise become victims of the attack and the firm losses its experienced staff through death or injury. They impose restrictions on peoples rights and freedoms. He states that the war against insecurity would be won only by raising governance standards that is, cultivating the culture of good governance where the government is responsible and accountable to the people. Workers incomes are no longer sufficient to purchase physical goods from marketplaces. The security challenges in Anambra State over the past weeks do not in any way qualify for the proclamation of a state of emergency. Nice one! Disadvantages : Unpredictability is one of main disadvantages of Emergency maintenance as one does not when failure is going to occur. Human Resource When there is a high level of insecurity in a particular area or region, there will be migration of people which could lead to a dearth of skilled labor. ppt/slides/_rels/slide11.xml.rels Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Copyright 20102023, The Conversation Media Group Ltd, Committee Member - MNF Research Advisory Committee, PhD Scholarship - Uncle Isaac Brown Indigenous Scholarship, Associate Lecturer, Creative Writing and Literature. They were too absorbed with reading textbooks to see how what they had learned might be applied. Any engineer or contractor who does not complete his work properly should be held accountable. If we scored ourselves so low like this, how can we be rated any better by foreigners? In the latest violence, 53 people were killed and 13. The power sector is crooked and mismanaged, and many personnel in the energy industry lack the necessary skills and training. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! 25/03/2020. 12. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is usually investment targeted at building new factories or investing in actual production activities which create jobs. Blog - The Kano State Ministry of Health has announced the launch of the Kano State Action Plan for Health Security (KSAPHS), a comprehensive plan aimed at preventing, detecting, and responding to . Abrupt braking. The history of State of Emergency in Nigerian politics began in 1962 when large-scale irregularities in the. These vague and two-line solutions proffered to the mountain of problems are insufficient to shed light on the way forward, they {solutions} seem better said than done! Naturally, when it comes to ethnicity, Nigerians are extremely sensitive, with tempers frequently flaring and occasionally resorting to violence. I what to know the genesis of thi The porosity of Nigerias borders has serious security implications for the country. In turn, it minimizes loss. Much of this was a result of the fact that " at least 200 New Orleans police officers have walked away from . On the upside, Nigeria benefits from its relatively large market size, which bears the potential for significant economics of scales; a relatively efficient labor market, driven by its flexibility, and a solid financial market following its gradual recovery. Nigeria reported the country's . To ensure all this, there must be incentives, good conditions of service, and social security. It might be by bribery or connections, or by attempting to force someone who lacks quality into a position he does not belong. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide5.xml.rels In the constitutional history of Nigeria, declarations of a state of emergency have always been premised on public order, safety and security concerns. The use of violence to combat violence is unlikely to succeed in eliminating terrorism since it will result in the deaths of many innocent people. Conflict of Perceptions between the Public and government Over the years, there has been a standing mismatch between public and government perceptions. In the first quarter of 2016, it fell by -13.98 percent. This is because corruption affects practically all Nigerians on a daily basis, not only crooked politicians. The proclamation must be ratified by the National Assembly made up of the Senate and House of Representatives. 4. Especially for all of the promises they made on education. Also, this avenue was used to pay tributes to the late Chairman of Protection plus Services limited and Director of the Nigeria South Africa Chamber of Commerce, Dr. Ubong King. The formulation and effective implementation of policies and programs capable of addressing the root causes of insecurity in Nigeria is crucial, especially with regard to poverty; unemployment, environmental degradation, injustice, corruption, porous borders, and small arms proliferation. Nigeria once Africas largest economy continues its downward trend due to coronavirus issues, Banditry, Endsars, and other security vices. Your email address will not be published. A state of emergency is not an aberration. This might result in delays in production, decrease in product quality, increase labor costs, etc. Conducive environment: some states lacks police infrastructures such as college, clinic and adequate resources to sustain the desired policing. 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